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ĐỀ THI CHÍNH THỨC
(Đề thi có 05 trang)
Ngày thi: Ngày 16 tháng 1 năm 2022
Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút (Không kể thời gian phát đề)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30.
Ways to Cut Down on Holiday Trash

The holiday season is a time for celebrating with friends and family. It is often called the “giving season” because during the holidays people give gifts and have celebrations. Unfortunately, this can all lead to a lot of waste. (26) _______, there are ways to reduce the amount of waste you create. Experts recently gave some ideas to the Associated Press.
The (27) _______ about paper waste have caused many people to look at other choices for wrapping a present. You can use reusable bags for gifts. Vaccariello recommends keeping gift bags and other decorations that you receive. You can reuse them the next time you give a gift. You can buy from companies (28) _______make environmentally-friendly gift wrap. Some companies make recyclable wrapping paper and do not use materials that are not recyclable. You can also wrap gifts in old maps, pages from magazines, and art paper. The person receiving the gift could use the wrapping for something else. Ozawa, editor at Martha Stewart Living, says she likes the Japanese tradition of furoshiki. This is where gifts are wrapped in cloth. The pretty and strong wrapping cloths can be used for (29)_______things, instead of just being thrown away. You could also wrap a gift in a colorful scarf or tablecloth. This makes the wrapping cloth part of the gift itself. Instead of decorating a gift with something plastic, you can use something (30) _______such as pine cones, rosemary, or other evergreen.
(https://learningenglish.voanews.com)

Question 26: A. However                   B. Therefore                C. Although                  D. Moreover
Question 27: A. conditions                B. interests                C. concerns                 D. disregards
Question 28: A. that                         B. who                      C. whom                 D. whose
Question 29: A. another                  B. other                     C. one                   D. every
Question 30: A. ordinary                B. common                C. natural                D. familiar
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 35.
We have been making cheese for millennia, but researchers are only now getting to grips with how bacteria, fungi and viruses combine to create its characteristic flavours and textures. When it comes to finding new and exotic species, there is no need to travel to the rainforest or trawl the deep ocean. Just open your fridge. The cheeses in there contain a wealth of surprises, if you look closely enough.
Although cheese production began at least 7000 years ago, we are only just beginning to understand what is really going on in this complex ecosystem that we delight in  devouring. “Cheese is a fascinating ecological niche,” says Paul Cotter, a microbiologist at food and agricultural research body Teagasc who is based in Cork, Ireland. New work on the cheese microbiome is revealing a riot behind the rind, with complex interactions between a diverse array of bacteria, moulds and yeasts helping to create characteristic flavours and textures. “There are a lot of microbes that we’re eating every day on some of our favourite cheeses, and we know incredibly little about what they’re doing to drive the flavour of those cheeses,” says Benjamin Wolfe at Tufts University in Massachusetts. Understanding this better will not only help control the flavours of existing cheeses, but also help us develop tasty new ones.
Here’s a tour of some of the surprises hidden in your cheeseboard. Cheeses are dominated by bacteria that digest the main sugar in milk, lactose, and turn it into an acid. But they are also home to a menagerie of other microbes that develop as cheese matures, and exactly how many organisms cheese contains is only just being revealed. Studies using gene-sequencing technologies keep finding new bacteria, some previously unknown to science.

(https://www.newscientist.com)

Question 31: Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Benefits of cheese                                 B. New ideas in manufacturing cheese
C. The secret life of cheese                        D. Ways to create new kinds of cheese
Question 32: The word there in paragraph 1 refers to _______.
A. fridge                 B. rainforest                 C. species                 D. ocean
Question 33: According to paragraph 2, understanding more about the way microbes affect the flavours of the cheeses will help _______.
A. produce delicious new kinds
B. know how bacteria, fungi and viruses combine
C. master the number of organisms cheese contains
D. find new types of bacteria
Question 34: The word characteristic in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_______.
A. normal                 B. distinctive                 C. actual                 D. perfect
Question 35: According to the passage, all of the following are true, EXCEPT ______.
A. human beings started to make cheese a long time ago
B. there are some species existing in cheese that scientists don’t have knowledge about
C. environment inside cheese is comparatively simple and easy to get to know
D. bacteria play an important part in creating special flavours of cheese

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